The Jordanian Nuclear Bomb

Over the past few weeks, a topic that has been progressively drawing my attention is that of the United States demanding that Jordan relinquish its rights to produce its own nuclear fuel and sign an agreement similar to that of the United Arab Emirates, which will commit Amman to purchasing its reactor fuel from the international market to guard against its potential internal diversion for military purposes.

What is more is that King Abdullah has accused Israel of interfering with Jordan's nuclear plans, as well as instructing his foreign minister to formally reprimand Israel's ambassador to Jordan over the charges that Israel has been seeking to block the sale of the South Korean or French reactors to Jordan.  As stated by The Wall Street Journal:

"There are countries, Israel in particular, that are more worried about us being economically independent than the issue of nuclear energy, and have been voicing their concerns," King Abdullah said. "There are many such reactors in the world and a lot more coming, so [the Israelis must] go mind their own business."

What is ironic is that Jordan has the right to produce it’s own fuel under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, neither the US nor Israel can deny those rights, with specific emphasis on Israel who refuses to sign the treaty and expose it’s nuclear capabilities. I honestly believe there should be a note in global treaties stating that: "These guidelines are applicable EXCEPT in Middle Eastern nations where the circumstances may differ accordingly", considering that each Arab/Middle Eastern country get’s their own permissions regarding what they can do/can’t do with nuclear power.

Jordan has all the means to go ahead with the nuclear program regardless of what the US and Israel think. South Korea and France will be more than willing to consent to Jordan’s needs without the US, though with the green light from the US everything will become much simpler, as some technology in French and South Korean reactors is American and requires US consent for export. As a matter of fact, the first 5MW reactor has already been agreed on and inked with South Korea, and is set to be complete in 2015 in Jordan University of Science and Technology, the college which I attend.

Furthermore, it is well known that Jordan is desperate for energy independence, 95% if not more of power produced in the Kingdom is imported. A nuclear Jordan will very much increase economic stability and will pave the path for achieving it’s water needs too, as the power is planned to be used for water desalination in Aqaba.

That is not all however, I was glad to see former Israeli Justice Minister, Yossi Beilin, write an article for the New York Times in which he defended the Jordanian nuclear project and criticized the Israeli government's objection to this, as well as reproaching the US government for indulging Israel's request to put pressure on Jordan's nuclear project. He is quoted saying:

In the situation that we justifiably or unjustifiably find ourselves now — boycotted and isolated — we do not need to lose the only Arab state with which we have peace-like relations.

Why should his [King Abdullah] country be denied the right to use its own uranium to produce energy? Why suspect his country of doing exactly what it has said it won’t do? Why deny Jordan nuclear technology out of fear of some “worst-case scenario” whereby his regime collapses and is replaced by one that attempts to develop a bomb? This could occur in many other places.

There is a certain risk in allowing Jordan to enrich uranium so close to Israel’s border, but the risk in denying the king’s request is far greater.

Finally, I am displeased to say that the coverage of this subject in Jordanian media has been minimal and largely neglected; I would have hoped for better reportage considering it's importance.

UPDATE July 3rd '10: 
Minister of State for Media Affairs and Communications and Government Spokesperson Nabil Sharif told The Jordan Times that “talks are ongoing to sign a nuclear cooperation agreement between the two countries and reports of problems hindering this endeavour are baseless”.

UPDATE July 5th '10:
"There are details that are being discussed but I don't know why, when discussions take a bit longer, people always conclude that there is a problem. There isn't a problem," Jordan's foreign minister Nasser Judeh said at London's International Institute for Strategic Studies think tank.

"We are friends of the United States, ... the United States recognises Jordan's pressing need for a peaceful nuclear programme for our energy purposes. We are a country that imports all of its energy resources. I think the United States is very supportive of that," he said.

UPDATE July 12th '10:
The United States is threatening to stop providing financial assistance to Jordan if the country continues developing its nuclear program without coordination with Israel.**

**It turns out the claims, which appeared on the Israeli news site Ynet, are false.  Quoted from Palestine Note:

Washington - Senior Jordanian and US officials have denied an Israeli news report that the US threatened to cut financial aid if it refuses to coordinate with Israel in developing its nuclear program. The officials told Palestine Note that the report, which appeared on the Israeli news site Ynet, was not true.

UPDATE July 14th '10:
France supports Jordan’s right to enrich uranium as outlined in the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, the top French diplomat in Amman, ambassador Corinne Breuz said during a press meeting to mark Bastille Day.

"There is no reason for Jordan not to build its own nuclear reactor," she said in response to a question, adding that Paris respects Jordan’s commitment to various international conventions and International Atomic Energy Agency regulations.

Israeli - Jordanian Peace on the Brink

It has been more than fifteen years since Prime Minister of Jordan Abdelsalam al-Majali declared an "end to the age of wars" and Shimon Peres declared that "the moment of peace has arrived", since King Hussein and Yitzhak Rabin held their legendary meeting with President Clinton at the White House to sign that treaty that was to bring peace to the region... to the Palestinians, and to end that everlasting conflict that has been raging ever since I can remember.

Looking around today, you can hardly say that the Middle East is at rest. With Iraq shattered to pieces, Iran's nuclear revolution, Yemen's civil wars, AlQaeda still at large and with no doubt, the walls going up around the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza. We hear of suicide bombings, blood and death daily in our community, which has become accustomed to this outrageous news. Not to mention the endless protests that are held against various parties in our countries.

 

When it comes to the Israeli - Jordanian peace, to what extent has it really been effective? Well we can say that mutual recognition has been achieved, borders and security cooperation too, but even those matters are subject to debate.

With the Israeli Knesset announcing last year that "Jordan is Palestine", I would say what was the point of the treaty in the first place?!

Daily reports about excavations and building of trenches under and Al Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem have been a primary cause in the building of hate in the Arab mind towards Israel.
Article 9 of the treaty states: "Freedom of access to places of religious and historical significance. Israel would respect the special role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in Muslim Holy shrines in Jerusalem."
From my point of view I can hardly see any Jordanian influence in Jerusalem these days!

What about refugees? Article 8 clearly states "The problem of displaced persons would also be discussed together with Egypt and the Palestinians, and the issue of refugees would be discussed in a multilateral manner in conjunction with and at the same time as the permanent status negotiations pertaining to the territories."  Palestinian refugees are increasing by day, with no dispute or talks whatsoever - with the able fleing to neighbouring countries including Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Egypt. To add to that Israel accuses Jordan of consisting of a large population of Palestinians and even proposes a Palestinian state East of the river in Jordan. What hypocrisy, as if Israel is not to blame!

If we were to observe matters from another perspective, how often do Netanyahu and King Abdullah organise talks and debates? Haaretz reports: "Since becoming prime minister last year Netanyahu has met King Abdullah only once, in May, a few days before the premier's visit to Washington. The king urged Netanyahu to declare his acceptance of a two-state solution to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and delivered stern criticism about construction in the settlements and Israeli activities in East Jerusalem."

Israeli and Jordanian sources point to Abdullah's lack of trust in Netanyahu, which the king expressed in a May 2009 interview to The Times of London, just a few days before meeting with the prime minister. "I had three months with the overlap (after the death of King Hussein in 1999, during Netanyahu's first term). These were probably the least pleasant of my 10 years."

To add to that, a statement was issued by Prime Minister of Jordan Samir Rifai when asked if "Jordan will grant permission for Israeli aircraft to pass over Jordan to Iran". His reply was "Israeli aircraft will be shot down if this were to occur." Another sharp statement was made by the King himself about a year ago, giving Israel a 12-18 month ultimatum saying "Peace now, or its war next year." King Abdullah has tagged Israel with the term "fortress Israel" many times in his various interviews worldwide, accusing Israel of remaining as a fortress with no diplomatic relationships with its neighbours rather than "integrating into the neighbourhood".

On other note, yesterday claimed the 48th birthday of his Majesty the King where he issued several strict statements that “We will not be a new occupation in Palestine” , he stated that peace, supported by most Palestinians and Israelis, is the only solution to the conflict. This peace, he added, is based on the two-state solution, and added that he will not accept any talks or even hints of a Jordanian role as a power controlling Palestine.

The King further stated that Jordan will always assist the Palestinians in achieving their own state on their land.  During his speech at the Economic Forum in Davos, King Abdullah said that his army will not be the new army the replaces the Israeli forces in Palestine, and that the Palestinians are demanding to achieve their legitimate right of an independent state.